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"body": "<p>Why do we eat kharoset?</p>\n\n<p>Dates, orange, cinnamon, and wine combine to make this sweet dish. Traditionally, it was the color of clay or mortar. It reminds us of the bricks and mortar that the Israelites are said to have made when they built the Pharaohs' palaces and cities. At the same time, the taste of Kharoset is sweet, and it reminds us of the sweetness of freedom.</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>Why do er eat maror?</p>\n\n<p>Tradition says that the root is to remind us of the time of our slavery. We force ourselves to taste pain so that we may more readily value pleasure. </p>\n\n<p>Let us all now take bitter herb and eat it. </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>Salt Water - Why do we dip our greens in salt water two times on this night?</p>\n\n<p>The first time, the salty taste reminds us of the tears we cried when we were slaves. The second time, the salt water and the green help us to remember the ocean and green plants from the Earth, from which we get air and water and food that enable us to live. </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>Let us all fill our glasses with wine. </p>\n\n<p>We drink the third cup of wine for those who were taken from us and for those who fought for freedom and life. </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>We place a Seder Plate at our table as a reminder to discuss certain aspects of the Passover story.</p>\n\n<p>Each item has its own significance.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Maror – The bitter herb</strong></p>\n\n<p>Maror symbolizes the harshness of lives of the Jews in Egypt.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Charoset </strong></p>\n\n<p>A delicious mix of sweet wine, dates, cinnamon and nuts that resembles the mortar used as bricks of the many buildings the Jewish slaves built in Egypt.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Karpas – Parsley</strong></p>\n\n<p>Parsley is a reminder of the green sprouting up all around us during spring and is used to dip into the saltwater.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Beitzah – The egg </strong></p>\n\n<p>Nobody knows! Since eggs are the first item offered to a mourner after a funeral, some say it also evokes a sense of mourning for the destruction of the temple.</p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Matzah</strong></p>\n\n<p>Matzah is the unleavened bread we eat to remember that when the jews fled Egypt, they didn’t even have time to let the dough rise on their bread. We commemorate this by removing all bread and bread products from our home during Passover.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Elijah’s Cup</strong></p>\n\n<p>The fifth ceremonial cup of wine poured during the Seder. It is left untouched in honor of Elijah, who, according to tradition, will arrive one day as an unknown guest to herald the advent of the Messiah. During the Seder dinner, biblical verses are read while the door is briefly opened to welcome Elijah. In this way the Seder dinner not only commemorates the historical redemption from Egyptian bondage of the Jewish people but also calls to mind their future redemption when Elijah and the Messiah shall appear.</p>\n\n<p><strong>Miriam’s Cup</strong></p>\n\n<p>Another relatively new Passover tradition is that of Miriam’s cup. The cup is filled with water and placed next to Elijah’s cup. (Because we think that's sexist, we're filling it with vodka.) Miriam was the sister of Moses and a prophetess in her own right. After the exodus when the Israelites are wandering through the desert, just as Hashem gave them Manna to eat, legend says that a well of water followed Miriam and it was called ‘Miriam’s Well’. The tradition of Miriam’s cup is meant to honor Miriam’s role in the story of the Jewish people and the spirit of all women.</p>\n",
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"covertext": "Maggid - Storyteller [Take turns reading. Each person is invited to read a grouped set of lines - or to pass.] These que...",
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"body": "<p>Maggid - Storyteller</p>\n\n<p>[Take turns reading. Each person is invited to read a grouped set of lines - or to pass.]</p>\n\n<p>These questions are a central part of tonight's seder ceremony. Yet before we answer them, let us tell a story of Jewish hope. The tale of our people's first quest for freedom from slavery in Egypt was written so long ago that no one knows how much of it is fact and how much is fiction. Like all good stories, however, its moral lessons are valid and important.</p>\n\n<p>It is written that long ago, during a time of famine, the ancient Israelites traveled to Egypt. According to this legend, the Israelites at that time were all in a single family - Jacob and his children. One of Jacob's sons was Joseph. He was so wise that the ruler of Egypt - the Pharaoh - made Joseph a leader over all the people of Egypt.</p>\n\n<p>But as time passed, another Pharaoh became the ruler of Egypt. He did not remember about Joseph and his wise leadership. This new Pharaoh turned the Israelites into slaves, and burdened them with heavy work and sorrow.</p>\n\n<p>Then, alerted to a prophecy that the Israelites would be led to freedom by a boy yet to be born, Pharaoh ordered all newborn Jewish boys cast into the Nile. Yocheved set her newborn son (Moses) adrift in the Nile in a basket, where he was found by Pharaoh’s daughter, who adopted him.</p>\n\n<p>Years later, Moses came upon an Egyptian beating an Israelite. Outraged, Moses slew the Egyptian, but then fled Egypt for fear that his action would be discovered. Moses took refuge in Midian with Jethro and married Jethro's daughter, Tziporah. While shepherding Jethro’s sheep, Moses came upon a burning bush which was not consumed, from which God instructed him to go back and lead the Israelites out of Egypt.</p>\n\n<p>Moses went to Pharaoh and demanded the release of the Israelites. Pharaoh repeatedly said no--nine times. Each time he said no, a plague struck Egypt. Finally, on the tenth time, God struck dead all the Egyptian first born. After this final tenth plague, Pharaoh finally allowed the Jews left Egypt, matzah in hand.</p>\n\n<p>At our Passover Seder, we celebrate the story of Moses and the people he led out of slavery 3000 years ago. We celebrate the struggle of all people to be free. Throughout the centuries, the story of Moses and the exodus from Egypt has inspired Jews and non-Jews in times of persecution and hardship.</p>\n",
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"body": "<p><strong>IT WOULD HAVE BEEN ENOUGH</strong></p>\n\n<p>One of most beloved songs in the Passover Seder is \"Dayeinu\". Dayeinu commemorates a long list of miraculous things God did, any one of which would have been pretty amazing just by itself. For example, “Had God only taken us out of Egypt but not punished the Egyptians – it would have been enough.” Dayeinu, translated liberally, means, “Thank you, God, for overdoing it.”</p>\n\n<p>Dayeinu is a reminder to never forget all the miracles in our lives. When we stand and wait impatiently for the next one to appear, we are missing the point of life. Instead, we can actively seek a new reason to be grateful, a reason to say “Dayeinu.”</p>\n\n<p>Fun fact: Persian and Afghani Jews hit each other over the heads and shoulders with scallions every time they say Dayenu! They especially use the scallions in the ninth stanza which mentions the manna that the Israelites ate everyday in the desert, because Torah tells us that the Israelites began to complain about the manna and longed for the onions, leeks and garlic. Feel free to be Persian/Afghani for the evening if you’d like.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>If <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God\">He</a> had brought us out from <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt\">Egypt</a>,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu hotzianu mimitzrayim</em> א</p>\n\n<p>and had not carried out judgments against them</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo asah bahem sh'fatim,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had carried out judgments against them,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu asah bahem sh'fatim</em> </p>\n\n<p>and not against their idols</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo asah beloheihem,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had destroyed their idols,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu asah beloheihem,</em> </p>\n\n<p>and had not smitten their first-born</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo harag et b'choreihem,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had smitten their first-born,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu harag et b'choreihem,</em> </p>\n\n<p>and had not given us their wealth</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo natan lanu et mamonam,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had given us their wealth,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu natan lanu et mamonam,</em> </p>\n\n<p>and had not split the sea for us</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo kara lanu et hayam,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had split the sea for us,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu kara lanu et hayam,</em> </p>\n\n<p>and had not taken us through it on dry land</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo he'eviranu b'tocho becharavah,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had taken us through the sea on dry land,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu he'eviranu b'tocho becharavah,</em> </p>\n\n<p>and had not drowned our oppressors in it</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo shika tzareinu b'tocho,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If He had drowned our oppressors in it,</p>\n\n<p> <em>Ilu shika tzareinu b'tocho,</em> ֹ</p>\n\n<p>and had not supplied our needs in the desert for forty years</p>\n\n<p> <em>v'lo sipeik tzorkeinu bamidbar arba'im shana,</em> </p>\n\n<p>— Dayenu, it would have been enough!</p>\n\n<p> <em>dayeinu!</em> </p>\n",
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"covertext": "The Fourth Cup of Wine - The Cup of Elijah As we come to the end of the Seder, we drink one more glass of wine. With thi...",
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"body": "<p>The Fourth Cup of Wine - The Cup of Elijah</p>\n\n<p>As we come to the end of the Seder, we drink one more glass of wine. With this final cup, we give thanks for the experience of celebrating Passover together, for the traditions that help inform our daily lives and guide our actions and aspirations.</p>\n\n<p>בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ, אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הַגָּפֶן</p>\n\n<p>Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu Melech ha-olam, borei p’ree hagafen.</p>\n\n<p>We now refill our wine glasses one last time and open the front door to invite the prophet Elijah to join our Seder. In the Bible, Elijah was a fierce defender of God to a disbelieving people. At the end of his life, rather than dying, he was whisked away to heaven. Tradition holds that he will return in advance of messianic days to herald a new era of peace, so we set a place for Elijah at many joyous, hopeful Jewish occasions.</p>\n\n<p><strong>THE END</strong></p>\n",
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"body": "<p>As we rejoice at our deliverance from slavery, we acknowledge that our freedom was hard-earned. We<br />\nregret that our freedom came at the cost of the Egyptians’ suffering, for we are all human beings made in<br />\nthe image of God. We pour out a drop of wine for each of the plagues as we recite them.<br />\nDip a finger or a spoon into your wine glass for a drop for each plague.</p>\n\n<p><br />\nThese are the ten plagues which God brought down on the Egyptians:</p>\n\n<p><br />\n<strong>Blood | dam | דָםּ<br />\nFrogs | tzfardeiya | צְפַרְדֵֽעַּ<br />\nLice | kinim | כנִּיִּם<br />\nBeasts | arov | עָרוֹב<br />\nCattle disease | dever | דֶֽבֶּר<br />\nBoils | sh’chin | שְׁחִין<br />\nHail | barad | בָרָּד<br />\nLocusts | arbeh | אַרְבֶהּ<br />\nDarkness | choshech | חֹֽשֶׁך<br />\nDeath of the Firstborn | makat b’chorot | מַכתַּ בְכּוֹרוֹת</strong></p>\n",
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Maror - The Bitter Herb
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